elektromekanik

Elektromekanik is the study and application of systems that couple electrical energy and mechanical motion. It covers devices that convert electrical energy into mechanical work and devices that convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, as well as the control systems that govern them. The field emerged in the 19th and early 20th centuries with the development of electric motors, generators, transformers, and related machines; fundamental principles include electromagnetic induction, Lorentz force, and circuit theory.

Common devices include electric motors (AC induction motors, synchronous motors, brushless DC motors), DC motors, generators, actuators (electromagnetic solenoids, linear and rotary actuators), and electromechanical transducers. Control methods often rely on feedback and power electronics, such as PWM drives, inverters, and servo controllers. Efficiency, torque, speed, and reliability are key performance metrics.

Applications span industrial automation, robotics, transportation, energy systems, and consumer electronics. Elektromechanical systems are used in conveyors, pumps, CNC machines, robotic grippers, electric vehicles, and renewable energy equipment like wind turbines’ generators.

As an interdisciplinary field, elektromechanics blends electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, control theory, and computer science. It overlaps with mechatronics but focuses specifically on systems where electrical energy and mechanical motion are interdependent. Education and research emphasize motor design, actuation, power electronics, and advanced control strategies to improve efficiency, precision, and integration with digital control.