déféquer

Déféquer is the biological process of expelling feces from the body. It is the final stage of digestion, where solid waste products, primarily undigested food material, bacteria, and sloughed-off cells from the intestinal lining, are eliminated. This process is also known as defecation or having a bowel movement.

The urge to déféquer arises when the rectum, the final section of the large intestine, fills with feces. This distension stimulates stretch receptors in the rectal wall, sending signals to the brain. The brain then signals the internal and external anal sphincters, muscles that control the opening of the anus. The internal sphincter is involuntary, while the external sphincter is voluntary, allowing conscious control over the timing of defecation.

During defecation, the abdominal muscles contract, increasing intra-abdominal pressure, which aids in the expulsion of feces. The rectal muscles also contract, pushing the feces towards the anus. The process is typically painless and occurs with varying frequency among individuals, influenced by diet, hydration, activity level, and overall health.

Disruptions in the ability to déféquer can manifest as constipation (difficulty passing stool) or diarrhea (frequent, loose stools). These conditions can be caused by various factors, including dietary changes, stress, medications, or underlying medical conditions. Maintaining a healthy diet rich in fiber and adequate fluid intake are important for regular and healthy defecation.