dyneïne
Dyneïne, commonly spelled dynein in English, refers to a family of large ATPase motor proteins that move along microtubules toward the minus end. By hydrolyzing ATP, dyneins convert chemical energy into mechanical work to drive retrograde transport of organelles, vesicles, and RNA within cells, and to contribute to spindle dynamics during cell division and positioning of organelles such as the Golgi apparatus. A specialized subset, axonemal dyneins, powers the beating of cilia and flagella by causing microtubule doublets to slide.
Dyneins are multi-subunit complexes. The core motor is the dynein heavy chain, forming a dimer with a
Dynein function is regulated by accessory factors, notably the dynactin complex and various adaptor proteins that
Mutations in dynein heavy chains and dynein-associated genes underlie several human diseases, including neurodevelopmental disorders and