dublaj

Dublaj, or dubbing, is the post-production process of replacing the original dialogue in a film or television program with dialogue in another language, synchronized to on-screen lip movements and actions. In Turkish usage, dublaj refers specifically to Turkish-language dubbing of foreign media. Dubbing contrasts with subtitling, where original dialogue remains and dialogue is presented as captions.

The dubbing workflow typically includes localization of the script, casting voice actors, direction, recording, dialogue editing, sound design, and final mixing. Lip-sync requirements influence line length and phrasing, while cultural adaptation may change names, jokes, or references to suit local audiences. The result is an audible performance intended to match the original tone while being comprehensible in the target language.

Dubbing is widely used in many markets, with strong traditions in Turkey, Italy, Germany, Spain, and Japan, among others. In some countries, dubbing is the dominant mode of foreign-media distribution for cinema and television, while others rely more on subtitles or a mix of methods. Production scales range from large studios with multiple voice actors to smaller freelance crews.

Economic factors, including licensing, union contracts for voice actors, and production budgets, shape dubbing quality and availability. Dubbing can improve accessibility for children or viewers who are not fluent in the original language, but it raises concerns about fidelity to acting performances and translation.

In addition to film and TV, dubbing is used for video games, animations, and educational content, reflecting its role in media localization.