distansering

Distansering is the practice of maintaining physical space between people to reduce the transmission of contagious diseases. It is commonly discussed in public health, urban planning, workplace design, and education as a set of behaviors and policies aimed at lowering contact rates. The term is closely related to social distancing and physical distancing and is used in several languages to describe similar concepts.

Historically, infection control has incorporated distancing alongside other measures such as hygiene and isolation. The concept gained prominent public attention during the COVID-19 pandemic, when governments and organizations implemented guidelines to limit crowding and to separate individuals in various settings. Distansering can be both voluntary and mandated, varying by cultural norms, regulatory frameworks, and the specifics of an outbreak.

Implementation methods include maintaining a minimum physical distance between individuals, limiting capacity in public venues, reorganizing spaces to improve flow and reduce close contact, shifting to remote work and online education, and using barriers or signage to guide behavior. In transportation, retail, schools, and workplaces, distancing is often combined with other measures such as masking, ventilation improvements, and hygiene practices.

Effectiveness and trade-offs vary by context. Distancing can lower transmission risk and help flatten infection curves, particularly when combined with other interventions. However, it can entail social and economic costs, reduce accessibility, and impact mental well-being. Its success depends on compliance, enforcement, space design, and the presence of complementary control measures.

See also: social distancing, physical distancing, infection control, public health policy.