dimetylisulfoxidi

Dimethyl sulfoxide, often abbreviated as DMSO, is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH3)2SO. It is a colorless, odorless liquid that is miscible with most organic solvents and water. DMSO is a polar aprotic solvent, meaning it does not readily donate a proton and has a significant dipole moment. This property makes it an excellent solvent for a wide range of organic and inorganic compounds.

DMSO is widely used in organic chemistry as a reaction solvent and as a reagent. It is known for its ability to dissolve many polar and nonpolar substances, and it can facilitate reactions that are difficult to carry out in other solvents. Its high boiling point and low vapor pressure also make it convenient for many laboratory procedures.

In addition to its use in synthesis, DMSO has found applications in various other fields. It is used as a cryoprotectant to protect biological tissues and cells from damage during freezing and thawing. In medicine, it has been investigated for its potential therapeutic properties, including anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. It is also used in some pharmaceutical formulations as a drug delivery agent due to its ability to penetrate biological membranes.

Dimethyl sulfoxide is synthesized industrially by the oxidation of dimethyl sulfide. The compound is generally considered to be relatively non-toxic, although it can readily penetrate the skin, carrying other dissolved substances with it. This property necessitates caution when handling DMSO, especially when it is mixed with potentially harmful chemicals.