diffraktiogrammia

diffraktiogrammia is a term used in the emerging field of optical diagnostics and computational imaging to describe a technique that captures and interprets diffraction patterns generated by microscopic structures within a material or biological tissue. The concept combines principles of diffraction microscopy with algorithmic reconstruction, generating a "diffraktiogram" that encodes spatial information in the interference pattern of scattered light. Unlike conventional imaging modalities that rely on direct absorption or emission signals, diffraktiogrammia leverages phase variations imposed on a coherent probe beam as it passes through or reflects from the sample.

The underlying physics involves the interaction of a narrowband laser or synchrotron radiation with the micro- and nano-scale refractive index variations within the specimen. Diffraction gratings or natural periodicities scatter the incident beam, creating a complex intensity distribution on a sensor array. Computer‑aided phase retrieval algorithms then reconstruct a high‑resolution map of the sample’s internal structure from the recorded patterns, often using iterative Fourier transforms or machine‑learning enhancements. This approach can achieve sub‑diffraction limit resolution while maintaining a non‑destructive measurement, making it valuable for applications such as forensic material analysis, semiconductor inspection, and label‑free medical diagnostics.

Current research on diffraktiogrammia focuses on improving algorithmic accuracy, reducing exposure times, and integrating the technique into portable devices. Early reports in peer‑reviewed journals describe successful imaging of cellular organelles, identification of pathogenic bacterial spores, and detection of micro‑fractures in aerospace composites. The field remains interdisciplinary, drawing from optics, computational mathematics, and material science, and is conventionally categorized under computational microscopy and non‑contact imaging methods.