diabeeti

Diabeeti is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated levels of glucose in the blood. This condition arises when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin, or when the body cannot effectively use the insulin it produces. Insulin is a hormone that regulates blood sugar by allowing glucose from the bloodstream to enter cells for energy.

There are several types of diabeeti. Type 1 diabeeti is an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. It typically develops in childhood or adolescence and requires lifelong insulin therapy. Type 2 diabeeti is the most common form, accounting for about 90-95% of cases. It is characterized by insulin resistance, where the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, and eventually, insufficient insulin production. Lifestyle factors such as obesity, physical inactivity, and genetics play significant roles in its development. Gestational diabeeti occurs during pregnancy and usually resolves after childbirth, but it increases the risk of developing type 2 diabeeti later in life for both mother and child.

Symptoms of diabeeti can include frequent urination, excessive thirst, increased hunger, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow-healing sores. Over time, persistently high blood sugar levels can lead to serious long-term complications affecting the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and nerves. Management of diabeeti typically involves a combination of diet, exercise, medication (including insulin for type 1 and sometimes type 2), and regular monitoring of blood glucose levels to maintain them within a target range and prevent complications.