dermoscopie

Dermoscopie, also known as dermoscopy or dermoscopie in some languages, is a noninvasive imaging technique used to examine skin lesions with a dermatoscope. By combining magnification with specialized illumination, it reveals subsurface skin structures not visible to the naked eye, aiding the assessment of pigmented and nonpigmented lesions. Dermoscopie improves diagnostic accuracy for melanoma and helps distinguish malignant from benign lesions and monitor changes over time.

Equipment and technique: A dermatoscope provides either noncontact polarized light or contact illumination with a liquid interface. Typical magnification is around 10x, with higher-end devices offering digital imaging and computer-assisted analysis. Some systems store serial images for tracking changes. The method is used during routine skin examination, with or without removing clothing or hair to access the lesion.

Interpretation and patterns: Dermoscopic features include pigment networks, dotted and globular structures, streaks, regression structures, blue-white veils, milky-red areas, and various vascular patterns. Pattern analysis, the ABCD rule, and the seven-point checklist are commonly used diagnostic frameworks. Digital dermoscopy and computer-assisted or machine-learning tools are increasingly incorporated to aid interpretation.

Limitations and practice: Dermoscopy requires training to recognize patterns and avoid misinterpretation. It complements clinical judgment and histopathology when indicated, rather than replacing them. Regular training and practical experience improve accuracy and can reduce unnecessary biopsies. The technique is widely used in dermatology and in primary care settings with appropriate training and equipment.