densifikaatioon

Densifikaatioon, often rendered as densification, is the process of increasing the density of an area, typically by adding housing units, services, or uses within a defined urban fabric. In urban planning, it refers to raising the number of dwelling units or the floor area per unit of land, usually through redevelopment, infill on underused sites, or enabling taller and more compact construction through zoning changes. The aim is to make better use of existing infrastructure, reduce urban sprawl, and support transit-oriented development.

Common methods include infill development on vacant or underutilized parcels, redevelopment of aging or underused buildings, adding additional floors to existing structures, converting non-residential space to residential or mixed uses, and adjusting zoning to permit higher density and more compact forms while integrating public spaces, amenities, and active frontages. Successful densification often involves coordinated investments in transportation, utilities, and public realm to prevent congestion and preserve livability.

Benefits of densifikaatioon include more efficient land use, shorter travel distances to jobs and services, stronger economies of scale for public transit, and opportunities for affordable housing within urban cores. Potential challenges involve rising housing costs, risks of displacement, impacts on neighborhood character, increased demand on infrastructure, and the need for high-quality design and inclusive processes to ensure social equity.

Policy and planning considerations emphasize infrastructure capacity, design standards, affordable housing requirements, and transparent community engagement. Metrics commonly used to assess densification include residents or dwelling units per hectare and floor-area ratio. See also urban growth management, infill development, and transit-oriented development.