datautvekslingsformater

Datautveksling, or data exchange, refers to the process by which data are transferred between organizations, systems, or applications. It enables interoperability, allowing disparate data sources to be interpreted and used by receiving systems. Data exchange can be real-time, near-real-time, or batch-based, and often involves data mapping and transformation to reconcile different schemas and semantics.

Common mechanisms include standards-based formats and interfaces such as Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), XML, JSON, and domain-specific standards like HL7 in healthcare or XBRL in finance. APIs, web services, and messaging protocols underlie many modern exchanges, using point-to-point, hub-and-spoke, or platform-based architectures. Data exchange may involve data integration tools, data replication, or streaming technologies to support different latency requirements.

Governance considerations cover data quality, metadata, provenance, and access controls. Security measures such as encryption, authentication, and authorization, along with privacy regulations (for example GDPR or regional equivalents), influence how data can be shared. Interoperability efforts emphasize semantic consistency, versioning, and clear data contracts to prevent misinterpretation.

Use cases span supply chain logistics, healthcare information exchange, government data portals, and cross-border finance. Benefits include improved efficiency, accuracy, and decision-making, while challenges include inconsistencies in data quality, complex compliance requirements, and maintaining synchronized data across multiple partners.