datamatrix

Data Matrix is a two-dimensional barcode symbology that encodes data in a square or rectangular grid of dark and light modules. It is designed for high data density on small items and can be read by standard imaging devices such as cameras and scanners. The symbol includes an L-shaped finder pattern along two adjacent edges, formed by a solid border, which helps orient and locate the code, while the remaining edges provide the data region.

Data Matrix supports multiple data encodings and is commonly used to store numeric, alphanumeric, and binary data, encoded efficiently to maximize capacity. The widely adopted ECC 200 variant uses Reed-Solomon error correction, enabling recovery from partial damage or distortion. Depending on the symbol size, a Data Matrix can store from a few characters to well over a thousand ASCII characters.

Standardization and applications: Data Matrix has been standardized for international use and is widely employed in manufacturing, electronics, packaging, healthcare, and aerospace labeling. It is favored for marking very small items due to its high density and excellent error tolerance. Readable with inexpensive scanners and many smartphone apps, Data Matrix codes are found on components, medical devices, and consumer products where space is constrained.

Development and evolution: Data Matrix originated in the late 20th century and has since become one of the principal two-dimensional barcode symbologies used in industry. Its ECC 200 error correction and flexible sizing contribute to robust performance across diverse environments.