daces

Dace is a common name for several species of small to medium freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae. They are found in Europe, western Asia, and parts of North America, and some species have been introduced elsewhere. In Europe and Asia, many species formerly placed in Leuciscus and related genera are referred to as dace, such as the common dace (Leuciscus leuciscus). In North America, several species in the genera Rhinichthys and Phoxinus are commonly called daces, including the longnose dace (Rhinichthys cataractae) and blacknose dace (Rhinichthys atratulus).

Dace typically inhabit streams, rivers, and lakes with clear, well-oxygenated water. They prefer cooler waters and often frequent riffles and vegetated margins. They are generally small to medium-sized, often under 15 cm, though some species can reach about 20 cm. They have slender, laterally compressed bodies, a silvery to olive coloration, and a subdued lateral stripe. The mouth is usually subterminal, and they are adapted to omnivorous feeding on small invertebrates, algae, and plant material.

Spawning occurs in spring for many species, with eggs laid among vegetation or gravel and left to develop without parental care. Some species exhibit seasonal movements to reach suitable spawning grounds. Ecologically, daces serve as forage for larger fish and birds and can be indicators of freshwater quality.

Conservation status varies by species and region. Habitat loss, pollution, barriers to movement, and invasive species threaten certain dace populations, while others remain widespread and common.