daaras

Daaras, also known as Quranic schools or Mahad, are traditional Islamic educational institutions found primarily in West Africa, particularly in Senegal, Gambia, Mauritania, Mali, Guinea, and Burkina Faso. These schools are dedicated to the memorization and study of the Quran, as well as Islamic jurisprudence and theology. Daaras are often integral to the social fabric of communities, providing not only religious education but also a form of informal social welfare for students.

Students, known as talibes, typically live at the daara under the care of a marabout, who acts as their teacher and guardian. The curriculum is largely centered on memorizing the Quran, often starting at a young age. Advanced studies may include hadith, fiqh (Islamic law), and Arabic grammar. The teaching methods are traditional, relying heavily on rote memorization and repetition.

Historically, daaras have played a crucial role in preserving and transmitting Islamic knowledge across generations. However, in recent decades, concerns have been raised about the living conditions of some talibes and the potential for exploitation. While many daaras operate ethically and provide valuable education, some have faced criticism for overcrowded conditions, inadequate nutrition, and the practice of talibes begging for alms to support the school. Efforts are underway by governments and NGOs to improve the oversight and standards of these institutions while respecting their cultural and religious significance.