dôb

Dåb is the Danish term for baptism, a Christian rite of initiation that uses water to symbolize purification, rebirth, and admission into the Christian community. The word derives from Greek baptizein, through Latin baptismus, and in Scandinavian languages the term denotes both the act and the ceremony.

Historically, baptism is rooted in the apostolic era. John the Baptist’s ritual immersion prepared for Jesus, who himself underwent baptism and commissioned his followers to baptize. Over time baptism developed into a formal sacrament or ordinance, with theological emphases varying by denomination. In Catholic, Orthodox, and many Protestant churches, infant baptism is common, replacing or accompanying the older rite of confirmation in some traditions. In other Protestant groups, notably Baptists and some evangelical churches, baptism is reserved for those who consciously profess faith.

Practices and elements differ. Water may be poured (affusion) or, in many traditions, administered by full immersion. The Trinitarian formula—"in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit"—is commonly spoken during the rite. Godparents or sponsors, renunciation of sin, and profession of faith are typical components in many settings. In Catholic and Orthodox contexts, baptism is considered a sacrament conferring grace and regeneration; in many Reformed and evangelical churches, it is an ordinance that testifies to faith.

Symbolism and purpose include cleansing from sin, death to the old life, and rebirth in Christ, along with entrance into the church community and, in liturgical settings, incorporation into the body of believers.

In contemporary Nordic countries, dåb remains a common civil and religious practice, though participation varies and some registries record baptisms for ceremonial or cultural reasons rather than lifelong religious affiliation.