cyclamen

Cyclamen is a genus of about 20 species of tuberous perennial flowering plants in the family Primulaceae. Native to Europe and the Mediterranean region, from the Pyrenees to Iran, wild cyclamens typically grow in woodlands, rocky slopes, and scrub where they bloom in cooler seasons.

The plants are known for their rounded to heart-shaped leaves, often with silver marbling, and for their distinctive flowers with upswept petals. Flowers rise on slender stalks above the leaves, and bloom times vary by species, ranging from autumn to spring. Some species, such as Cyclamen hederifolium, flower in autumn, while others like Cyclamen coum bloom in late winter to spring. Leaves usually appear after flowering in many species, though several can display both leaves and flowers concurrently.

Cultivation and care require well-drained soil and cool conditions. Cyclamen prefer bright, indirect light and conditions that are cool rather than hot. They dislike overly wet soil and are prone to rot if kept in standing moisture, especially during dormancy in summer. Watering is typically reduced during dormancy and increased during active growth, with attention to avoiding overhead wetting of leaves and crowns. Fertilization should be light and occasional during growth.

Taxonomy and horticulture recognize many cultivars and garden varieties, offered in colors ranging from white to pink, red, and bi-color tones. Cyclamen are popular as indoor potted plants in winter and as outdoor thrillers in mild climates. They are toxic if ingested by humans or pets.