crudely

Crudely is an English adverb that describes performing or existing in a crude, rough, or unrefined manner. It can modify actions, workmanship, or expressions to indicate a lack of polish, precision, or sophistication. For example: The sculpture was crudely carved or The plan was crudely drawn. It can also describe approximate or improvised methods, such as a crudely calculated estimate, implying the result is not exact.

Etymology and usage evolve from the adjective crude, meaning raw or unrefined, which itself traces back to older forms in English and ultimately to Latin crudus. The adverbial suffix -ly formed in English to convey manner, yielding crudely as the standard form to express “in a crude way.”

In usage, crudely often carries a negative or critical connotation, signaling that quality or technique is lacking. However, it can be descriptive rather than judgmental in some contexts, especially in reporting or analysis where the emphasis is on the manner of execution rather than value judgments. It is commonly contrasted with softer terms like roughly when a milder tone is desired, or with precisely when precision is especially important.

In sum, crudely denotes a rough, unrefined, or improvised way of doing something, and is widely used across contexts from physical construction and design to expression and estimation.