confirmands

Confirmands are individuals who are preparing to be confirmed within a Christian church. The term is used across several denominations, including Catholic, Anglican/Episcopal, Lutheran, Methodist, and some Reformed churches. The exact rite and eligibility vary, but all confirmands share the goal of professing faith and becoming full members of the church.

Etymology and purpose: The word derives from Latin confirmare, "to make firm." In most traditions, confirmation strengthens baptismal vows and the gifts of the Holy Spirit, signaling a mature personal affirmation of faith and commitment to the church community. In many churches, it marks entry into full communion.

Preparation and rites: Confirmands typically undergo catechetical instruction or confirmation class, sometimes called catechism. The process often includes renouncing sin, reaffirming baptismal promises, choosing a sponsor, and public profession of faith. The rite may involve laying on of hands, anointing with oil (chrism), and prayers for the Holy Spirit; in some churches a bishop administers the rite, in others a priest or pastor does.

Differences by tradition: In Catholicism, Confirmation is one of the sacraments of initiation; usually administered by a bishop and includes anointing with sacred chrism. In Anglican/Episcopal and many Lutheran churches, it is a formal affirmation of faith and full membership, often with laying on of hands by a bishop. In Methodist and some Reformed churches, confirmation may emphasize education preceding public profession and may occur at various ages.

After confirmation, confirmands are commonly eligible to receive Holy Communion where required, are listed as full members of the congregation, and may take on roles in parish life. The term continues to apply to those going through the preparation process even when not yet confirmed.