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Code-First is a development approach in software engineering where the application's data model is defined using code, rather than through a database schema. This approach is particularly popular in the context of Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) frameworks, such as Entity Framework in the .NET ecosystem. In Code-First, developers write classes that represent the data model, and the ORM framework generates the corresponding database schema based on these classes.

The primary advantage of Code-First is its flexibility and ease of use. Developers can define their data model directly in code, which can be more intuitive and easier to manage, especially for complex data structures. This approach also facilitates version control of the data model, as it is part of the application's source code. Additionally, Code-First allows for more straightforward refactoring and evolution of the data model, as changes can be made directly in the code and then propagated to the database.

However, Code-First also has its challenges. One of the main drawbacks is the potential for discrepancies between the code and the database schema, especially in large teams where multiple developers might be working on the data model simultaneously. This can lead to issues such as data loss or inconsistencies if not managed properly. Another challenge is the initial learning curve associated with understanding and effectively using ORM frameworks.

In summary, Code-First is a powerful approach for defining and managing data models in software applications, offering flexibility and ease of use. However, it requires careful management to avoid potential issues and a good understanding of the underlying ORM framework.