coatingteknologi

Coatingteknologi, or coating technology, is the scientific and engineering discipline concerned with applying thin layers, or coatings, to surfaces to modify their properties. Coatings can provide protection, improve performance, or enhance appearance without altering the substrate.

Coatings are classified by composition into organic (polymer-based) coatings such as paints, varnishes, and powder coatings; inorganic/metallic coatings such as electroplated metals or ceramic layers; and composite or hybrid coatings that combine two or more materials. Deposition methods include organic solvent or waterborne spraying, electrochemical deposition, electroless deposition, vapor deposition (physical or chemical), and thermal spraying. Pretreatment of the substrate (degassing, cleaning, roughening) is typically required to promote adhesion.

Performance depends on adhesion, cohesion, thickness, density, hardness, and porosity. Common performance goals include corrosion resistance, wear resistance, hardness, thermal stability, dielectric or optical properties, and environmental compliance (low volatile organic compounds, low toxicity). Characterization uses methods such as scratch testing, pull-off adhesion, porosity measurements, thickness gauges, and spectroscopy or microscopy.

Applications span automotive, aerospace, electronics, construction, packaging, and medical devices. Standards and testing protocols are set by organizations like ISO and ASTM to assess coating performance and compatibility with substrates and service conditions.

Recent trends in coatingteknologi include nanostructured and smart coatings, self-healing, anti-corrosion systems, low-emission waterborne formulations, and energy-efficient curing processes, driven by sustainability, cost, and regulatory requirements.