ciklonleválasztó

A ciklonleválasztó, also known as a cyclone separator or dust cyclone, is a mechanical device used to remove particles from a gas stream. It operates on the principle of centrifugal force. The dirty gas enters the cyclone tangentially, creating a swirling vortex. As the gas spins, heavier particles are thrown outwards by centrifugal force, impacting the cyclone's wall and then falling downwards due to gravity. The cleaner gas, moving towards the center of the vortex, then exits the top of the cyclone.

The design of a cyclone separator is crucial for its efficiency. Key parameters include the inlet velocity, the diameter of the cyclone body, and the length of the conical section. Smaller cyclones are generally more effective at separating smaller particles, but they also have a higher pressure drop. Various configurations exist, such as straight-through cyclones, axial cyclones, and tangential entry cyclones, each offering different performance characteristics.

Cyclones are widely used in various industries for dust collection, material recovery, and air pollution control. Applications range from capturing fly ash from power plants to removing sawdust in woodworking operations and separating fine particles in chemical processing. They are valued for their simplicity, low cost, and ability to handle high temperatures and corrosive materials. While effective for larger particles, cyclones are less efficient for very fine dusts or aerosols, where other separation technologies like baghouses or electrostatic precipitators might be employed. Maintenance typically involves emptying the collected dust from the hopper at the bottom.