chickadees

Chickadees are small passerine birds in the family Paridae, commonly referred to as chickadees in North America. They belong to the genus Poecile and include several species such as the black-capped chickadee (Poecile atricapillus), the Carolina chickadee (Poecile carolinensis), the Hudsonian chickadee (Poecile hudsonicus), and the mountain chickadee (Poecile gambeli).

They are among the smallest songbirds in North America, typically 12 to 14 cm long and weighing about 9 to 12 grams. They have a compact body, a short stout bill, and a distinctive black cap and bib with white cheeks. Plumage shows variation among species and seasons.

Chickadees range across much of North America in forests, woodland edges, parks, and suburban yards. They prefer deciduous and mixed woodlands and are common in winter flocks, often seen foraging at feeders.

They are energetic foragers that eat insects and spiders, as well as seeds and berries. They glean prey from bark, leaves, and crevices and cache food to retrieve later. They are vocal and can be recognized by their “chick-a-dee-dee-dee” call; their songs vary among species.

Chickadees nest in cavities in trees, snags, or nest boxes. Clutch sizes range from four to nine eggs. Incubation lasts about 12 to 13 days, and fledging occurs roughly 16 to 18 days after hatching. Both parents participate in feeding and defense of the territory.

Chickadees are widespread and not considered at risk. Their adaptability to human landscapes, bold foraging behavior, and reliance on cached food contribute to their common presence in many regions.