checkerboards

Checkerboard describes a board divided into an alternating pattern of light and dark squares, usually in an eight-by-eight grid. It is associated with chess and checkers (draughts), two traditional games that use this surface. Though eight-by-eight boards are standard, the term can apply to any board with a similar pattern. The bottom-right square is traditionally light for each player to aid orientation.

Origins and use: The checkerboard pattern appears in many cultures, but the modern eight-by-eight chess and checkers board was standardized in Europe during the late Middle Ages with the spread of chess. The grid and alternating colors help distinguish moves, and the rule of a light square on the right is widely taught in instruction and competition.

Construction and appearance: Boards are made from wood, plastic, laminate, or composite materials. Squares are inlaid, painted, or printed. Classic sets use light tan or cream for the light squares and dark brown or black for the dark squares; some variants use red, blue, or green for the darker color to suit design preferences.

Play and variations: Chess uses pieces on both colors, while checkers moves on the dark squares of the board. Sizes range from compact travel boards to large tournament boards; portable boards may fold or roll, and many include coordinate labels to aid learning and notation.

Other applications: Beyond gaming, checkerboard patterns appear in fashion, graphics, heraldry, and architecture. Some boards feature nonstandard grids or oversized units, while online and electronic versions simulate the checkerboard for virtual play.