ceralacca

Ceralacca, commonly referred to as sealing wax, is a pliable material used to seal letters and documents. When heated and applied, it forms a seal that hardens and can bear a maker’s mark when pressed with a seal or signet. The term derives from lacca, the lac resin used in traditional formulations.

Composition and manufacture: Traditional ceralacca blends beeswax with shellac (lac resin), rosin, and coloring pigments. Modern versions may substitute or supplement with synthetic waxes or resins. The mixture is melted, colored as desired, poured or molded into sticks or discs, and applied to an envelope or document. A seal impression is then pressed into the molten wax and left to cool.

History and use: Seals on documents have a long history, serving authenticating and tamper-evident purposes. In Europe, ceralacca became widespread in the early modern period, with later formulations emphasizing shellac-based resins. While less common in everyday correspondence today, sealing wax remains popular for ceremonial, decorative, and formal applications, such as official invitations, certificates, and heraldic seals.

Variations and related practices: Sealing wax comes in a range of colors, including traditional red as well as green, black, gold, and others. It is often used with personalized stamps or heraldic seals. Some products produce two-tone effects or decorative edges. In addition to conventional sticks, wax can be purchased as pellets or pre-formed seals for quick use.

Safety and handling: Melted wax can cause burns, so heat carefully using a dedicated spoon or heating device and avoid overheating. Dispose of wax waste responsibly.