cavitointi
Cavitointi, commonly translated as cavitation, is the formation, growth and collapse of vapor-filled cavities in a liquid that arise when local pressure falls below the liquid’s vapor pressure. This phenomenon occurs in flowing systems where rapid acceleration or turbulence creates regions of very low static pressure, allowing tiny vapor bubbles to nucleate. The bubbles can persist and oscillate (stable cavitation) or undergo rapid inertial growth and violent collapse (inertial or transient cavitation) when they enter higher-pressure zones. The collapse generates high local temperatures and pressures, along with microjets and shock waves, which can erode solid surfaces and produce noise and vibration.
Cavitation is a concern in hydraulic machinery such as pumps, propellers, turbines and piping, where it reduces
Detection and monitoring rely on acoustic emissions, vibration analysis and high-speed imaging to identify incipient cavitation
Historically, cavitation has been studied since the 19th century and is explained by bubble dynamics described