carpoolingaffect
Carpooling affect refers to the collective impacts of carpooling practices on transportation systems, environment, and society. It encompasses changes in traffic dynamics, energy use, air emissions, and social and economic outcomes, and is shaped by policy, infrastructure, technology, and cultural norms.
Traffic and mobility: Increasing average vehicle occupancy can reduce the number of vehicles on the road, potentially
Environmental and energy effects: Higher occupancy typically lowers per-passenger fuel consumption and emissions, especially for longer
Economic and social effects: Participants often save on fuel and parking costs, and employers may realize lower
Policy and practice: Governments and organizations promote carpooling through incentive programs, carpool lanes (where permitted), preferred
Measurement and challenges: Studies assess changes in vehicle miles traveled, occupancy rates, and emissions to estimate