candlefish

The candlefish, also known scientifically as Thaleichthys pacificus, is a species of smelt found along the Pacific coast of North America. It is a small, slender fish, typically reaching lengths of up to 35 centimeters. Its body is generally silvery with a greenish or bluish hue on its back, and it has small, thin scales. A distinguishing feature is its prominent lower jaw that extends beyond the upper jaw.

Candlefish are anadromous, meaning they are born in freshwater streams, migrate to the ocean to grow, and return to freshwater to spawn. They are schooling fish and are often found in large numbers. Their diet primarily consists of small crustaceans and plankton. The name "candlefish" originates from the historical practice of drying the fish and using them as torches, as their high oil content makes them burn readily.

These fish play a significant role in the marine ecosystem, serving as an important food source for various predators including marine mammals, seabirds, and larger fish. They also have cultural significance for Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest, who have traditionally harvested them for food and other uses. Commercial fishing for candlefish exists, though it is generally considered a minor fishery.