caladiums

Caladiums are tropical flowering plants in the genus Caladium, family Araceae. They are grown primarily for their foliage and are native to tropical regions of South America and the Caribbean. In warm climates they behave as evergreen perennials; in temperate zones they are usually grown as annuals or cultivated as indoor pot plants, with the tubers overwintered.

The leaves are large and heart-shaped or arrowhead-shaped, often with striking patterns. Colors include white, pink, red, and green, with veins and blotches that create high-contrast designs. Although Caladiums produce small inflorescences typical of arums, the foliage is the chief ornamental feature. They prefer filtered light or shade and require rich, well-drained soil that remains evenly moist. Direct sun can scorch the leaves. Temperature should stay warm, with ideal daytime temperatures around 21-29°C (70-85°F). High humidity helps, especially in containers.

Propagation is by tubers; they can be divided and replanted in spring. In regions with cold winters, the tubers must be dug up and stored in a cool, dry place to prevent decay. Plants may go dormant in cool, dry winters and resume growth when conditions warm again.

Caladiums can be affected by pests such as aphids, spider mites, and slugs, and by diseases like root rot in poorly drained soil. All parts contain calcium oxalate crystals and can be toxic if ingested, so keep away from children and pets. They are widely used in borders, shaded beds, and containers for bright foliage color.