brassiere

A brassiere, commonly called a bra, is a garment designed to support and shape the breasts. It typically consists of two cups connected by an underbust band, with shoulder straps and a closure at the back or front. The basic purpose is to provide support, maintain modesty, and influence the silhouette under clothing. Modern bras employ various materials, including cotton, silk, nylon, elastane, and other blends, and may feature underwires, padding, or molded cups. Styles range from wireless bralettes and soft cup designs to underwired, push-up, minimizer, sports, and strapless models.

Sizing and fit are central aspects of bras. Most systems use a band size and a cup size, but sizing conventions vary by country and brand. Proper measurement and professional fitting can improve comfort and reduce breast movement during daily activities. Because fit can differ between manufacturers, customers are advised to try several sizes or consult sizing guides when selecting a model. Care instructions and materials also influence fit over time, as elastics and fabrics wear and shift.

History and development trace the modern brassiere to the early 20th century, as a move away from restrictive corsets. In 1914, Mary Phelps Jacobs patented a lightweight brassiere, helping popularize the garment as an alternative to corsetry. Over the decades, designs evolved with improvements in materials, construction, and sizing, leading to a broad range of styles, including nursing bras, sports bras, convertible straps, and front-closure options. The bra remains one of the most common undergarments in many parts of the world, though preferences and norms vary by culture and individual choice.