bra

A bra, short for brassiere, is a form-fitting undergarment designed to support and shape the breasts. It is worn by many people assigned female at birth and, for medical or gender-affirming reasons, by others as well. Its primary purposes are to provide support during movement, create a desired silhouette under clothing, and offer modesty or coverage.

A bra typically consists of a fabric cup or cups that cover the breasts, a band that encircles the torso, and shoulder straps. Many bras contain an underwire under the cups and padding or liners, though many styles are wireless or lightly padded. Closures are usually at the back, but some styles use front closures or pull-over designs. Variants include sports bras, strapless or convertible bras, nursing bras, and maternity bras.

Sizing is based on a band measurement and a cup volume, often expressed as numbers and letters (for example, 34B). Sizing varies by country and brand, and fit can differ between styles. A professional fitting considers band snugness, cup fullness, center gore placement, and strap tension. Ill-fitting bras may cause discomfort, skin irritation, or inadequate support.

Materials range from cotton and lace to synthetic blends with elastics. Construction factors include cup seams, padding, underwire, and reinforcement at the band. Care instructions vary by material; many bras should be washed on gentle cycles and air-dried to maintain shape and elasticity.

Brief history: The modern bra emerged in the early 20th century as a lighter alternative to corsetry, with innovations in design and sizing spreading through the 1920s–1950s. Since then, bras have diversified into sport, nursing, maternity, strapless, and seamless varieties, reflecting changes in fashion, fabric technology, and considerations of comfort, function, and inclusivity.