blasphemous

Blasphemous is an adjective used to describe statements or actions that show irreverence toward God or toward sacred things, or that are considered to desecrate what is held sacred by a religion. It can apply to speech, writing, art, or ritual conduct. In many languages, blasphemy is treated as an offense or a moral wrong within religious communities.

Etymology: The term comes from Greek blasphēmia meaning "evil-speaking," via Latin blasphemare and Old French blasmer/flasphemier, with the sense of speaking ill of sacred things.

Context: Blasphemy is defined differently across faith traditions and legal systems. In some communities, blasphemous acts are seen as sins and may provoke sanctions within religious or civil law; in others, they are protected as freedom of expression. The distinction between blasphemy and profanity or heresy varies; blasphemy is specifically about sacredness rather than general vulgarity.

Legal and cultural status: Historically, blasphemy laws existed in many countries, and some jurisdictions retain penalties or strict enforcement, while others have repealed or limited them in favor of free expression. Critics argue that blasphemy laws can suppress dissent and minority viewpoints, while supporters claim they protect the sanctity of religion and public morals.

Popular culture: The word is also used as a proper title in media, such as the 2019 video game Blasphemous, a dark fantasy platformer that uses religious imagery to create atmosphere and explore themes of guilt and punishment.