biosourced

Biosourced is an adjective used to describe materials, products, or substances that originate from renewable biological resources rather than fossil fuels. The term emphasizes the origin of the feedstock used to make the material and is commonly applied to polymers, solvents, fuels, and chemicals.

Biosourced does not inherently indicate end-of-life behavior. A biosourced plastic may be recyclable, compostable, or resistant to degradation, depending on its chemistry and manufacturing. Conversely, some biosourced materials are not biodegradable, while others are designed for specific waste streams.

Common biosourced feedstocks include corn and sugarcane (starch and sugar-based inputs), cellulose from wood or agricultural residues, vegetable oils, and microalgae. These feedstocks can be processed into bioplastics such as polylactic acid (PLA) or polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), as well as bio-based solvents and biofuels.

Assessment and labeling of biosourced content often rely on standards and certifications. Methods such as ASTM D6866 measure biobased content, while programs like the USDA BioPreferred label certify eligible products. Lifecycle assessments help compare greenhouse gas emissions and overall environmental impact with fossil-based alternatives.

Potential advantages of biosourced materials include reduced reliance on nonrenewable resources and the possibility of lower emissions. Limitations involve land use considerations, agricultural inputs, cost, and compatibility with existing recycling streams. The sustainability of a biosourced product depends on feedstock sourcing, manufacturing efficiency, and end-of-life options.