bioinstrumentation
Bioinstrumentation is the multidisciplinary field focused on developing devices and systems that measure, analyze, and influence biological systems. It draws on biology, medicine, electrical engineering, and signal processing to convert physiological signals into usable data and, where appropriate, to modulate biological function through controlled stimulation or actuation.
Core components include sensors or biosensors (electrodes, optical sensors, chemical probes), transducers that convert biological processes
Applications encompass healthcare and medical devices (electrocardiography, electroencephalography, vital-sign monitors, implantable pacemakers, insulin pumps, optical coherence
Design considerations include sensor sensitivity and specificity, biocompatibility, safety, reliability, calibration, and regulatory clearance, as well
Education and outlook: the field is typically part of biomedical engineering or electrical engineering programs. Ongoing