bedömningsbias

Bedömningsbias, often translated as appraisal bias or judgmental bias, refers to systematic errors in judgment that occur when evaluating individuals or situations. These biases can arise from a variety of cognitive shortcuts and preconceptions that influence how information is perceived, interpreted, and remembered.

One common form of bedömningsbias is the halo effect, where a positive impression in one area influences an individual's overall perception of another person or situation. Conversely, the horns effect leads to a negative overall impression based on a single negative trait. Confirmation bias is another significant bias, causing individuals to favor information that confirms their existing beliefs and disregard evidence that contradicts them.

Stereotyping, where preconceived notions about groups influence individual judgments, also falls under bedömningsbias. This can lead to unfair evaluations based on gender, ethnicity, age, or other group affiliations rather than individual merit. Recency bias, the tendency to give more weight to recent events than earlier ones, can also skew assessments.

These biases are particularly relevant in contexts such as hiring, performance reviews, and educational assessments, where objective evaluation is crucial. Recognizing the existence of bedömningsbias is the first step towards mitigating its impact. Strategies to reduce these biases include structured evaluation processes, using objective criteria, seeking diverse perspectives, and implementing blind review processes where possible. Awareness training for those in decision-making roles is also considered an effective method.