preconceived

Preconceived is an adjective meaning formed prior to actual knowledge, evidence, or experience. A preconceived notion refers to a belief or expectation formed in advance, often without adequate evidence. The term is commonly used to describe biases that can color how information is interpreted or how decisions are made.

Etymology: The word combines the prefix pre- meaning before with conceived, the past participle of conceive (to form or develop in the mind).

Usage: Preconceived ideas can influence perception, judgment, and communication. They may arise from personal experience, cultural stereotypes, or information encountered before evaluating new data. In debates, research, or hiring contexts, such notions can lead to selective attention or confirmation bias.

Minimizing impact: Acknowledging one’s preconceptions and employing evidence-based reasoning, critical thinking, and methodological safeguards (such as blind assessment or preregistration) can reduce undue influence.

See also: preconception, bias, prejudice, stereotype, assumption.