balkenwaage

A balkenwaage, also known as a beam balance or lever balance, is a type of scale used to measure mass. It operates on the principle of the lever. The central component is a horizontal beam, or balken, that is suspended at its center point, which is called the fulcrum. Two pans or platforms are attached to the ends of the beam.

To use a balkenwaage, the object whose mass is to be determined is placed on one pan. Known masses, typically in the form of weights, are then placed on the other pan until the beam is perfectly horizontal, indicating that the torques on both sides are equal. The sum of the known masses then represents the mass of the object being weighed.

Balkenwaagen are known for their accuracy and sensitivity, especially when compared to spring scales. They are not affected by gravity variations and can measure mass directly rather than weight. Historically, beam balances were widely used in laboratories, pharmacies, and for trade. While electronic scales are now more common for everyday use, the balkenwaage remains a fundamental tool in scientific settings where precision is paramount. Its simple mechanical design makes it reliable and durable.