awl

An awl is a hand tool consisting of a long, pointed steel blade attached to a handle. It is used to pierce or mark materials such as wood, leather, fabric, and paper, and to start holes that guide drilling or stitching. The tool can also be used to scribe precise lines or to widen existing holes.

Woodworking awls come in several forms. The scratch awl has a sharp, straight point and is mainly used for marking layout lines or rough puncturing. The bradawl has a broader tip that helps to cut fibers and begin a hole with less tear-out. In leatherwork, a stitching or sewing awl is used to pierce a line of holes for hand–stitched seams; some versions are designed to push thread through after the holes are opened. In sailmaking and heavy-duty leatherwork, palm-held or pumped-stitching awls are used to create larger punctures for thick materials.

Construction and materials vary. Blades are typically high-carbon steel or alloy steel and may be diamond-point, conical, or chisel-like in profile. Handles are commonly wood, plastic, or a composite material, and some models feature interchangeable blades or adjustable tips for different tasks. Tools designed for leatherwork often prioritize a comfortable grip for extended use, sometimes with a hollow handle to withdraw shavings.

Use and maintenance. An awl is pressed or twisted to penetrate material, usually with controlled hand pressure. After use, the blade should be cleaned and lightly oiled to prevent rust, and sharpness should be restored as needed with fine files or sharpening stones. Safety involves keeping fingers clear of the point and working away from the body.