Blades

Blades are the sharp, flat edges used for cutting, piercing, or slicing in tools, weapons, and machinery. They are typically made of metal but can also be ceramic or composite, and are usually attached to a handle, hub, or shaft.

Blade types span handheld tools (knife blades, razors, utility blades), edged weapons (swords, daggers), and machine components (turbine blades, propeller blades, fan blades). Each category optimizes steel composition, hardness, and geometry for its task.

Common blade materials include carbon steel for edge retention, stainless steel for corrosion resistance, high-alloy tool steels, and ceramics for specialized applications. Manufacturing methods include forging, stamping, and precision machining, followed by heat treatment, tempering, and surface finishing. Edge quality is defined by type (plain edge vs serrated) and by grind profile (flat grind, hollow grind, convex grind, saber grind), as well as overall shape and tip design.

Maintenance focuses on preserving sharpness and structural integrity. Regular tasks include sharpening and honing to refresh the edge, occasional stropping, and routine cleaning and drying to prevent corrosion. Proper storage keeps blades dry and protected from damage.

Historically, blades emerged in the Bronze and Iron Ages and evolved through advancements in steelmaking. Modern blades benefit from improved alloy chemistry and sophisticated production methods, achieving higher hardness, toughness, and edge retention.

Safety and regulation address responsible handling, storage, and, in some jurisdictions, restrictions related to blade length or public display.