atlatl

An atlatl, or spear-thrower, is a tool that uses a lever to multiply the force of a throw, enabling a dart or spear to be hurled farther and faster than by arm strength alone. The device typically comprises a handle or shaft held in one hand and a hook, peg, or socket at the end that engages the base of a lightweight projectile called a dart. The dart is supported on the atlatl and released in a whipping motion; as the lever snaps forward, the dart is accelerated beyond the thrower's arm length, then flies from the tip.

Historically, the atlatl is among the oldest hunting implements, appearing in many parts of the world during the late Paleolithic and continuing into the Holocene. It was widely used in the Americas, Europe, Africa, Asia, and Australia, and it often coexisted with or preceded the bow and arrow depending on region and period. Variants include the woomera in Australia and other regional spear-thrower designs that differ in material, length, and the shape of the spur or socket.

In archaeological contexts, atlatls help researchers study hunting practices, mobility, and cultural interaction. In modern times, atlatl throwing is practiced as a hobby and sport, with competitions and demonstrations illustrating traditional techniques and equipment.

The term atlatl is derived from various languages and is commonly used by archaeologists and historians to describe the technology, while older or regional terms may reflect local traditions.