arbejdshukommelse

Arbejdshukommelse, often translated as working memory, is a cognitive system that allows us to temporarily store and manipulate information for complex cognitive tasks. It is distinct from long-term memory, which stores information for extended periods. Working memory is crucial for tasks such as learning, reasoning, and comprehension.

The concept of working memory was first introduced by Atkinson and Shiffrin in their multi-store model of memory, though it has since been refined and expanded upon by Baddeley and Hitch. Their model proposed a system with multiple components, including a central executive that controls attention and coordinates other subsystems. These subsystems typically include a phonological loop for processing auditory information and a visuospatial sketchpad for visual and spatial information. More recent models also incorporate an episodic buffer, which integrates information from various sources into a coherent episode.

The capacity of working memory is limited, meaning it can only hold and process a certain amount of information at any given time. This capacity can vary between individuals and can be influenced by factors such as age, attention, and stress. Deficits in working memory are associated with various cognitive impairments and learning disabilities. Understanding working memory is fundamental to comprehending how we learn, solve problems, and navigate the world around us.