anthroposophic

Anthroposophic or anthroposophical describes things related to anthroposophy, a spiritual movement and worldview developed by Rudolf Steiner in the early 20th century. Anthroposophy presents itself as a form of spiritual science that seeks to understand human beings, nature, and the cosmos through inner development, disciplined observation, and study of spiritual realities. It has given rise to various educational, medical, artistic, and agricultural practices.

Core ideas include the belief that humans consist of body, soul, and spirit, and that heightened inner perception can illuminate nonmaterial aspects of reality. Steiner also emphasized a threefold orientation of society—cultural, political, and economic—alongside a broader sense of spiritual evolution and ethical development. The movement envisions interacting spiritual beings and forces shaping the world, while placing human freedom and responsibility at its center.

Anthroposophic practice has produced several notable fields. Waldorf education, or Steiner education, focuses on holistic development, creativity, and hands-on learning. In medicine, anthroposophic approaches combine conventional treatments with specialized medicines and therapies aligned with the movement’s principles. In agriculture, biodynamic farming applies seasonal, lunar, and cosmic rhythms as part of farm management and has influenced broader sustainable farming discussions.

Organizations and reception vary. The Anthroposophical Society and affiliated schools and clinics operate worldwide, reflecting the movement’s institutional side. Critics object to aspects they view as esoteric or lacking empirical support, while proponents argue that anthroposophic work promotes holistic well-being, ethical development, and sustainable practices.