anoas

Anoas are a group of large, flightless birds belonging to the genus *Rhea*, part of the ratite family (Rheidae). They are native to South America and are the only living representatives of the order Rheiformes. The term "anoa" is sometimes used colloquially, though the more precise scientific name is "rhea." There are two extant species: the greater rhea (*Rhea americana*) and the lesser rhea (*Rhea pennata*), with the latter having two subspecies.

Anoas are the second-largest living birds, after ostriches, with the greater rhea reaching heights of up to 1.5 meters (5 feet) and weighing around 20–25 kilograms (44–55 pounds). Their plumage is primarily brownish-gray, providing effective camouflage in their grassland and woodland habitats. Unlike most birds, they lack a keel on their sternum, which means they cannot fly but are excellent runners, capable of speeds up to 55 km/h (34 mph). Their long legs and strong muscles make them well-adapted for rapid movement across open terrain.

Anoas are social birds, often found in groups called "parades" or "herds," which can include up to 16 individuals. They are omnivorous, feeding on a variety of plants, seeds, insects, and small vertebrates. Breeding occurs seasonally, with males taking on the primary role of incubation and raising the chicks, a rare trait among birds where females typically bear this responsibility.

Historically, anoas were hunted for their meat, feathers, and hides, but they remain relatively common in parts of their range. Conservation efforts focus on protecting their habitats from deforestation and agricultural expansion. Due to their ecological role as seed dispersers and prey for predators, they are considered important in maintaining the balance of their ecosystems.