aneurysmából

An aneurysm is a localized, abnormal widening or bulging of an artery. This occurs when the wall of the artery becomes weakened, causing it to balloon outwards. Aneurysms can develop in any artery, but they are most common in the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and in the arteries of the brain.

The cause of aneurysms is not always clear, but factors such as high blood pressure, atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries), genetic predisposition, trauma, and infections can contribute to their development. Many aneurysms do not cause symptoms, especially when small. However, as they grow, they may press on surrounding tissues or nerves, leading to pain, discomfort, or neurological symptoms.

The most serious complication of an aneurysm is rupture. A ruptured aneurysm can cause severe internal bleeding, which can be life-threatening. Symptoms of a rupture depend on the location of the aneurysm. A ruptured brain aneurysm can cause a sudden, severe headache, stiff neck, nausea, vomiting, and loss of consciousness. A ruptured aortic aneurysm can lead to sudden, severe pain in the chest or abdomen, rapid heart rate, and dizziness.

Diagnosis of an aneurysm typically involves imaging tests such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scans, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Treatment depends on the size, location, and whether the aneurysm is leaking or has ruptured. Small, asymptomatic aneurysms may be monitored. Larger or symptomatic aneurysms may require surgical repair, which can involve open surgery to clip or graft the weakened section of the artery, or endovascular repair, a less invasive procedure using a stent to reinforce the artery from within.