anNabawi

anNabawi, also known as al-Masjid an-Nabawi (the Prophet's Mosque), is a mosque in Medina, Saudi Arabia. It is the second holiest site in Islam after the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca. The mosque was originally constructed by the Prophet Muhammad in 622 CE as a place of worship, a communal gathering place, and a base for city administration, adjoining the Prophet’s residence near the house of his wife Aisha.

Throughout Islamic history, the mosque underwent several expansions and renovations under successive rulers, from the Rashidun and Umayyad caliphs through the Ottoman era and into modern Saudi administration. The structure has evolved from a simple courtyard and palm-frond roof to a large complex featuring multiple prayer halls, vast courtyards, and extensive facilities. The design blends traditional Islamic architecture with modern engineering.

It houses the tomb of Muhammad in a dedicated chamber beneath the Green Dome. The tombs of the first two caliphs, Abu Bakr and Umar, are traditionally believed to be nearby within the same enclosure. The Green Dome, a distinctive feature of the mosque, was painted green in the 19th century and remains a recognizable symbol.

Today, al-Masjid an-Nabawi is a major site of pilgrimage and daily worship, attracting millions of visitors, particularly during religious events. The complex is operated by Saudi authorities and continues to be expanded and upgraded to accommodate worshippers. Access to the mosque is generally limited to Muslims, reflecting the city’s status as a holy site.