aluminiumsproduksjon

Aluminiumsproduksjon refers to the industrial process of manufacturing aluminum metal. The primary method for producing aluminum is the Hall-Héroult process, which involves the electrolysis of alumina (aluminum oxide) dissolved in molten cryolite. Alumina itself is obtained from bauxite ore through the Bayer process.

The Hall-Héroult process requires significant electrical energy, making the location of aluminum smelters often dependent on access to affordable electricity. This is typically found near hydroelectric power sources. The process involves passing a strong electric current through the molten cryolite bath, which contains dissolved alumina. At the cathode, aluminum ions are reduced to molten aluminum, while at the anode, oxygen reacts with the carbon anode to form carbon dioxide. The molten aluminum is then tapped from the electrolytic cells and cast into various shapes for further processing.

Secondary aluminum production, or recycling, is also a crucial part of the overall aluminum supply. This involves melting down used aluminum products, such as beverage cans, scrap metal, and old automotive parts. Recycling aluminum requires significantly less energy than primary production, estimated to be around 95% less, making it an environmentally and economically beneficial practice. The recycled aluminum is then purified and cast for reuse. The global aluminum production is a significant industrial activity, supporting numerous downstream industries like automotive, aerospace, construction, and packaging.