alllergisk

Allergisk is a term used in Norwegian to describe anything related to an allergy or to a person who has an allergy. The noun is allergi, and the adjective allergisk is used to characterize reactions, conditions, or people affected by allergy. The concept is part of a broader set of immune-mediated disorders and includes responses to many common substances.

Allergies occur when the immune system reacts to normally harmless substances (allergens) such as pollen, certain foods, dust mites, animal dander, mold, insect venom, or medicines. In many cases the reaction is IgE-mediated, involving sensitization after initial exposure, followed by the release of histamine and other mediators upon subsequent exposure. Non-IgE mechanisms also exist.

Common allergic conditions include allergic rhinitis (nasal itching and sneezing), conjunctivitis (eye irritation), eczema or atopic dermatitis, asthma, and, in rare cases, anaphylaxis. Allergic reactions can range from mild to life-threatening and may be triggered immediately or after hours.

Diagnosis relies on clinical history and objective tests, such as skin prick testing or serum-specific IgE testing. In some cases, supervised oral food challenges are used to confirm food allergies.

Management emphasizes avoidance of known triggers, symptom-relieving medications (antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, inhaled corticosteroids, leukotriene receptor antagonists), and emergency treatment with epinephrine for anaphylaxis. Allergen immunotherapy (subcutaneous or sublingual) may reduce sensitivity for selected allergens. Ongoing management often requires coordination with primary care or allergy specialists.