akrýl

Akrüül is a term used in several languages to denote acrylic compounds, derived from acrylic acid (propenoic acid) and its esters, as well as the polymers made from them. The scope includes both low-molecular-weight monomers, known as acrylates, and the high-molecular-weight polymers, commonly referred to as polyacrylates or acrylics. The term is often used interchangeably with acrylic resins in industry and consumer products.

Acrylic acid has the structure CH2=CH-COOH. Its esters, such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, and butyl acrylate, are common monomers that undergo radical polymerization to form polyacrylates. Polymerization can be catalyzed thermally or by light, and may be carried out in bulk, solution, or emulsion. Crosslinking and UV-curing enable hard, water-resistant coatings. A related group, the methacrylates (from methacrylic acid), yields polymethacrylates such as PMMA, often called acrylic glass.

Acrylic polymers are valued for clarity, weather resistance, and versatile processing. They are widely used in paints and coatings, adhesives, and plastics. PMMA (acrylic glass) is notable for optical transparency and impact resistance and is used in skylights, lenses, and displays. Acrylic resins are also employed in dental materials and various consumer products.

Monomers can irritate skin and eyes and require proper handling and ventilation; cured acrylics are generally inert, but processing residues should be managed according to regulations.