adipokineihin

Adipokines are bioactive peptides and proteins secreted primarily by adipose tissue, specifically by adipocytes. These signaling molecules play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes, including metabolism, inflammation, and insulin sensitivity. The term "adipokine" reflects their origin from fat tissue ("adipo") and their signaling function ("kine").

Adipokines encompass a diverse group of substances such as leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and visfatin. Leptin is involved in regulating energy balance and appetite, transmitting signals to the brain to suppress food intake and increase energy expenditure. Adiponectin enhances insulin sensitivity and exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, with levels inversely related to body fat mass. Resistin has been linked to insulin resistance and pro-inflammatory effects, although its precise role in humans remains under investigation. Visfatin is associated with glucose metabolism and inflammatory responses.

The secretion of adipokines is influenced by factors such as adipose tissue distribution, size, and overall metabolic health. Dysregulation of adipokine production is associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammatory conditions. In these states, altered levels of certain adipokines can contribute to disease progression, either through promoting inflammation or disrupting metabolic homeostasis.

Research on adipokines continues to explore their potential as therapeutic targets for metabolic and inflammatory diseases. Understanding the precise mechanisms by which adipokines influence health and disease can help develop strategies to modulate their activity for improved clinical outcomes. Overall, adipokines serve as key mediators linking adipose tissue to systemic physiological functions, highlighting their importance in maintaining metabolic health.