adaptivesync

AdaptiveSync is a technology that enables dynamic refresh rate synchronization between a computer graphics processor and a display. Standardized by VESA as the Adaptive-Sync specification, it allows a monitor to change its refresh rate in real time to match the GPU’s rendering rate within a defined minimum and maximum range. This reduces screen tearing and stuttering that occur when the frame rate and display refresh are out of sync, and it can also mitigate input lag compared to traditional vertical synchronization.

Implementation and branding: AdaptiveSync lies at the core of AMD’s FreeSync technology and is widely supported by a broad range of monitors. Nvidia supports Adaptive-Sync monitors through its G-SYNC Compatible program, letting certain FreeSync-enabled displays work with Nvidia GPUs with varying levels of optimization. In practice, users benefit from smoother gameplay on VRR-capable hardware, while performance varies with monitor quality, panel type, and driver support.

How it works: When the GPU renders frames at variable rates, the monitor’s controller adjusts its refresh rate to align with the incoming frames, within the monitor’s VRR range. This prevents tearing and can reduce stutter. Some configurations may permit low-latency modes, but performance can differ based on the specific monitor, GPU, and game.

Limitations and considerations: Not all displays support AdaptiveSync, and VRR performance depends on the combination of GPU, monitor, and cable. Compatibility may vary across brands and driver versions, and some oddities can occur at very low frame rates or with certain games. HDMI has a similar VRR feature in newer specifications, providing another path to adaptive refresh on compatible devices.