adP

ADP is an acronym that can refer to more than one topic. In biology, ADP stands for adenosine diphosphate, a nucleotide consisting of adenine, ribose, and two phosphate groups. It plays a central role in cellular energy transfer: when a phosphate group is transferred to ADP, ATP is formed and stores energy; when ATP is hydrolyzed, energy is released and ADP is regenerated. ADP participates in phosphorylation reactions via kinases and is interconverted with ATP through processes such as glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Regulation of ADP and ATP levels helps control metabolism and energy homeostasis in cells.

In business, ADP denotes Automatic Data Processing, Inc., a multinational provider of payroll and human resources management software and services. Founded in 1949 by Henry Taub, the company grew into a leading supplier of payroll processing, benefits administration, talent management, and HR outsourcing for organizations of various sizes. It is headquartered in Roseland, New Jersey, and operates globally, offering cloud-based and on-premises solutions, along with analytics and compliance support. ADP is a publicly traded company listed on the NASDAQ under the ticker ADP and is a component of major market indices.

In other contexts, ADP can also stand for Average Draft Position, a metric used in fantasy sports to estimate a player's expected position in drafts.